Buletin SMK Kuala Penyu

Ten steps for writing an essay

Rather than worrying about an essay for weeks, suggest to your child to read through these 10 points, get in some early preparation and have the self-belief that they can do it.

1.     Read the essay question carefully

·         Highlight key words.

·         Use the dictionary to check the meaning of any unfamiliar words.

·         Identify the task words that indicate what needs to be done, eg ‘discuss', ‘explain', ‘compare'.

·         Identify the topic words that indicate the particular subject of the essay, eg the character of ‘Juliet' in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, the ‘causes' of World War 1.

·         Identify any limiting words that restrict the discussion to a particular area, eg in ‘Chapters 1-3', during the ‘nineteenth century'.

2.     Finish any necessary reading or research as background to the essay

·         Be selective: use sources which are relevant and accessible.

·         Write notes in your own words.

·         Write down quotations that may be particularly useful, but ensure the source of these quotes is acknowledged if they're used.

·         Take note of sources so they can be provided in footnotes and the bibliography.

3.     Brainstorm ideas in response to the question

·         Jot down any relevant points.

·         Make note of any relevant evidence or quotes that come to mind.

·         Use a mind map to help stimulate lateral thinking.

4.     Develop a thesis (idea/argument) that encapsulates the response to the question

·         The thesis should be a statement that strongly expresses the overall response to the question.

·         Avoid a thesis that's too simplistic – show thought has been put into some of the complexities behind the question.

·         The thesis is the backbone of the essay – it will be stated in the introduction. It also needs to be referred to several times in the essay before restating it and demonstrating how it has been proven in the conclusion.

5.     Write a plan for the response

·         Order ideas in a logical sequence.

·         Make sure every point in the plan is relevant to the question.

·         After the plan has been written it should be clear where the essay is going. 

6.     Write the introduction

·         Open up the discussion.

·         Introduce the thesis.

·         Indicate how the questions will be answered.

·         Name any texts to be discussed, if appropriate.

·         Engage the reader.

7.     Write the main body of the essay

·         Ensure each point is given a new paragraph.

·         Use words or phrases at the start of each paragraph that will indicate to the reader how it relates to the previous paragraph, eg, 'however', ‘in addition', ‘nevertheless', ‘moreover'.

·         Start each paragraph with a topic sentence that clearly links the paragraph to the rest of the essay, eg "A striking example of Gary Crew's use of light and darkness imagery to suggest notions of knowledge and ignorance occurs in the scene on the jetty".

·         Provide supporting evidence for each point that you make.

·         Revisit the thesis, and express it in different ways if possible, to emphasise how the question is being addressed. 

8.     Write the essay conclusion

·         Summarise the main ideas.

·         Demonstrate how you have proven your thesis.

·         Finish with an interesting or thought-provoking, but relevant, comment.

9.     Edit the draft

·         Check for spelling, punctuation and grammar.

·         Delete any sections that are not particularly relevant.

·         Change vocabulary to improve expression.

·         Seek feedback from peers or a teacher before writing the final copy.

10.  Write the final copy

·         Add any footnotes or bibliography if required.

·         Present a clean, neat copy.

·         Submit on time.